Supplementing a Herbal Product (NBS Superfood) in Diets Varying in Energy and Protein Levels: Effects on Productive Performance, Immune Response and Blood Parameters in Commercial Laying Hens

Document Type : Original Paper

Authors

Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran

Abstract

This study was conducted to determine the effects of Nutrition Bio-Shield Superfood® (NBS) supplementation in diets varying in energy (ME) and crude protein (CP) levels on the performance of Hy-line W-36 laying hens. The experiment was performed in a 5 × 2 factorial arrangement in a completely randomized design with five dietary levels of NBS (0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0 g/kg of diet) and two dietary nutrient levels (standard and 5% reduced ME and CP). The experiment was conducted during 63-74 weeks of age using 420 laying hens in 10 treatments and 6 replicates of 7 birds each. The egg production was not significantly affected by diet dilution, NBS levels, and their interactions. The diet dilution, NBS powder, and their interaction did not significantly affect egg mass. Except that, it was significantly decreased (P < 0.05) by the diluted diet during 66-68 weeks of age. Feed intake (FI) was not significantly affected by diet dilution, NBS levels, and their interactions. Except that, the diluted diet significantly (P < 0.05) decreased during 66-68 weeks. Feed conversion ratio (FCR) was not significantly different between standard and 5% diluted diet, among the NBS levels and the interaction means. Diluting the diet and NBS supplementation did not significantly affect blood parameters; however, diluted diet significantly increased (P = 0.05) blood LDL-c concentration compared to the standard diet. Anti-SRBC titers were not significantly affected by the diet dilution, dietary levels of NBS powder, or their interactions. The treatments did not affect eggshell strength and the eggshell Ca and P percentages. In conclusion, reducing dietary ME and CP by 5%,  adding NBS to the diet and their interaction had no significant effect on the layers' performance, immune response, blood parameters but diluting the diet increased blood LDL-c concentration.

Keywords

References

  1. Almeida VR, Dias AN, Bueno CFD, Couto FAP, Rodrigues PA, Nogueira WCL & Faria Filho DE. 2012. Crude protein and metabolizable energy levels for layers reared in hot climates. Brazilian Journal of Poultry Science, 14: 203-208. DOI: 10.1590/S1516-635X2012000300007

    AOAC (Association of Official Analytical Chemists).

    1. Official Methods of Analysis, 21st edition. AOAC. USA.

    Bakhshalinejad R, Hassanabadi A, Nassiri-Moghaddam H & Zarghi H. 2018. The effects of dietary calcium iodate on productive performance, egg quality and iodine accumulation in eggs of laying hens. Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition. 102: 746-54. DOI: 10.1111/jpn.12873

    Bayat A, Khalkhali A & Mahjoub AR. 2021. Nutrition Bio-Shield Superfood: Healthy and live herbal supplement for immune system enhancement. International Journal of Nutrition and Food Engineering, 15: 6-9. ‏

    Bean LD & Leeson S. 2003. Long-term effects of feeding flaxseed on performance and egg fatty acid composition of brown and white hens. Poultry Science, 82: 388–394. DOI: 10.1093/ps/82.3.388

    Bozkurt M, Küçükyilmaz K, Catli AU, Çınar M, Bintaş E, Çöven F. 2012. Performance, egg quality, and immune response of laying hens fed diets supplemented with mannan-oligosaccharide or an essential oil mixture under moderate and hot environmental conditions. Poultry Science, 91: 1379-1386. DOI: 10.3382/ps.2011-02023

    Choi Y, Lee EC, Na Y & Lee SR. 2018. Effects of dietary supplementation with fermented and non-fermented brown algae by-products on laying performance, egg quality, and blood profile in laying hens. Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences, 31: 1654-1659. DOI: 10.5713/ajas.17.0921

    Consleg. 2003. Consolidated text of: Council Directive of 23 November 1970 concerning additives in feeding-stuffs (70/524/EEC). Office for Official Publications of the European Communities (accessed via Internet).

    Dong XF & Tong JM. 2019. Different susceptibility to fatty liver-haemorrhagic syndrome in young and old layers and the interaction on blood LDL-C levels between oestradiols and high-energy-low-protein diets, British Poultry Science, DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2019.1571164

    Eftekhari SM, Hassanabadi A, Tahmasebi A, Golian A & Nassiri-Moghaddam H. 2018. The effect of hydroalcoholic extract of angelica (Heracleum persicum) fruit on performance, immune responses, small intestine histology, haematological parameters and carcass characteristics of broiler chickens. Journal of Applied Animal Research, 46: 1336-1343. DOI: 10.1080/09712119.2018.1505621

    FrAnKIČ T, Voljč M, Salobir J & Rezar V. 2009. Use of herbs and spices and their extracts in animal nutrition. Acta agriculturae slovenica, 94: 95-102.

    Gardzielewska J, Pudyszak K, Majewska T, Jakubowska M & Pomianowski J. 2003. Effect of plant-supplemented feeding on fresh and frozen storage quality of broiler chicken meat. Electronic Journal of Polish Agricultural Universities, Animal Husbandry, 6: 322-327.

    Gumus H, Oguz MN, Bugdayci KE & Oguz FK. 2018. Effects of sumac and turmeric as feed additives on performance, egg quality traits, and blood parameters of laying hens. Brazilian Journal of Animal Science, 47: 1-7. DOI: 10.1590/rbz4720170114

    Harms RH, Russell GB & Sloan DR. 2000. Performance of four strains of commercial layers with major changes in dietary energy. Journal of Applied Poultry Research, 9: 535-541. ‏ DOI: 10.1093/japr/9.4.535

    Hassan HMM, Afify AS, Basyiony AE, Ahmed GT & Ghada T. 2010. Nutritional and functional properties of defatted wheat protein isolates. Australian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences, 4: 348-358.

    Hassan MR, Choe HS, Jeong YD, Hwangbo J & Ryu KS. 2013. Effect of dietary energy and protein on the performance, egg quality, bone mineral density, blood properties and yolk fatty acid composition of organic laying hens. Italian Journal of Animal Science, 12: 60-65. DOI: 10.4081/ijas. 2013.e10

    Hy-Line International. 2020. Hy-Line International W-36 commercial Management Guide https://www.hyline.com/UserDocs/Pages/36_COM_ENG.pdf.

    Isabirye RA, Biryomumaisho S, Okwee-Acai J, Okello S & Nasinyama GW. 2021. Effect of diatomaceous earth on growth rate, egg production, feed conversion efficiency and parasitic load in hens raised on deep litter. European Journal of Agriculture and Food Sciences, 3: 97-103. ‏ DOI: 10.24018/ejfood.2021.3.1.207

    Jensen SA & Jensen SA. 1983. The botanical constituents of wheat and wheat milling fractions II. Quantification by amino acids. Cereal Chemistry, 60: 172-177.

    Kamran ZA, Sarwar MU, Nisa MU, Nadeem MA & Mahmood S. 2010. Effect of low levels of dietary crude protein with constant metabolizable energy on nitrogen excretion, litter composition and blood parameters of broilers. International Journal of Agriculture and Biology, 12: 401–405.

    Kamran Z, Sarwar M, Nisa MU, Nadeem MA, Mushtaq T, Ahmed T, Babar ME & Mushtaq MM. 2008. Effect of low levels of dietary protein on growth, protein utilisation and body composition of broiler chicks from one to twenty-six days of age. Avian Biology Research, 1: 19-25. ‏DOI: 10.3184/175815508X336639

    Lai W, Cao A, Li J, Zhang W & Zhang L. 2018. Effect of high dose of bile acids supplementation in broiler feed on growth performance, clinical blood metabolites, and organ development. Journal of Applied Poultry Research, 27: 532-539. ‏ DOI: 10.3382/japr/pfy040

    Li XL, He WL, Wang ZB & Xu TS. 2016. Effects of Chinese herbal mixture on performance, egg quality and blood biochemical parameters of laying hens. Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition (Berl). 100:1041-1049. DOI: 10.1111/jpn.12473

    Lombardi P, Addeo NF, Panettieri V, Musco N, Piccolo G, Vassalotti G, Nizza A, Moniello G & Bovera F. 2020. Blood profile and productive performance after partial substitution of maize grain with ancient wheat lines by-products in organic laying hens' diet. Research in Veterinary Science, 133: 232-238. ‏ DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2020.09.035

    Manangi MK, Vazques-Anon M, Richards JD, Carter S & Knight CD. 2015. The impact of feeding supplemental chelated trace minerals on shell quality, tibia breaking strength, and immune response in laying hens. Journal of Applied Poultry Research, 24: 316-326. DOI: 10.3382/japr/pfv029

    Markets and Markets, 2019. Feed Additives Market. Report Retrieved from https://www.marketsandmarkets.com/Market-Reports/feed-additives-market-870.html

    Mathivanan R & Kalaiarasi K. 2007. Panchagavya and Andrographis paniculata as alternatives to antibiotic growth promoters on haematological, serum biochemical parameters and immune status of broilers. The Journal of Poultry Science, 44: 198-204. DOI: 10.2141/jpsa.44.198

    Mikulski D, Jankowski J, Mikulska M & Demey V. 2020. Effects of dietary probiotic (Pediococcus acidilactici) supplementation on productive performance, egg quality, and body composition in laying hens fed diets varying in energy density. Poultry Science, 99: 2275–2285. DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2019.11.046

    Mueller T & Voigt W. 2011. Fermented wheat germ extract-nutritional supplement or anticancer drug? Nutrition journal, 10: 1-6. ‏ DOI: 10.1186/1475-2891-10-89

    Nguyen XH, Nguyen HT & Morgan NK. 2021. Dietary soluble non-starch polysaccharide level and xylanase supplementation influence performance, egg quality and nutrient utilization in laying hens fed wheat-based diets, Animal Nutrition Journal, 7: 512-520. DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2020.05.012

    Panda AK, Reddy MR, Rao SR, Raju MV & Praharaj NK. 2000. Growth, carcass characteristics, immunocompetence and response to Escherichia coli of broilers fed diets with various levels of probiotic. Archiv für Geflügelkunde, 64: 152-156. ‏

    Pourakbari M, Seidavi A, Asadpour L & Martínez A. 2016. Probiotic level effects on growth performance, carcass traits, blood parameters, cecal microbiota, and immune response of broilers. Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências, 88: 1011-1021. ‏ DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765201620150071

    Saleh AA, Ijiri D & Ohtsuka A. 2014. Effects of summer shield supplementation on growth performance, nutrient utilisation, and plasma lipid profiles in broiler chickens. Veterinarni Medicina, 59: 536–542.

    SAS (Statistical Analyzes System). 2012. SAS/STAT Software, Version 9.1. User’s Guide. SAS Institute Inc. Cary, North Carolina.

    Scappaticcio R, García J, Fondevila G, de Juan AF, Cámara L & Mateos GG. 2021. Influence of the energy and digestible lysine contents of the diet on performance and egg quality traits of brown-egg laying hens from 19 to 59 weeks of age. Poultry Science, 100: 101211. ‏ DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2021.101211

    Schleicher A, Fritz Z & Kinal S. 1998. The use of some herbs in concentrates for broiler chickens. Roczniki Naukowe Zootechniki, 25: 213-224. ‏

    Swann MM, KL FH, Howie JW, Lucas IA, Millar EL, Murdocj JC, Parsons JH & White EJ. 1969. Joint Committee on the use of Antibiotics in Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine. Report of the joint committee on the use of antibiotics in animal husbandry and veterinary medicine.

    Świątkiewicz S, Arczewska-Włosek A, Krawczyk J, Puchała M & Józefiak D. 2013. Effects of selected feed additives on the performance of laying hens given a diet rich in maize dried distiller's grains with solubles (DDGS). British Poultry Science, 54: 478-85. DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2013.797563

    Świątkiewicz S, Arczewska-Włosek A, Szczurek W, Calik J, Bederska-Łojewska D, Orczewska-Dudek S, Muszyński S, Tomaszewska E & Józefiak D. 2020. Algal oil as source of polyunsaturated fatty acids in laying hens nutrition: Effect on egg performance, egg quality indices and fatty acid composition of egg yolk lipids. Annals of Animal Science. 20: 961-973. DOI:10.2478/aoas-2020-0019

    Toghyani M, Tohidi M, Gheisari AA & Tabeidian SA. 2010. Performance, immunity, serum biochemical and hematological parameters in broiler chicks fed dietary thyme as alternative for an antibiotic growth promoter. African Journal of Biotechnology, 9: 6819-6825. ‏ DOI: 10.5897/AJB09.1998

    Tolouie H, Mohammadifar MA, Ghomi H, Yaghoubi AS & Hashemi M. 2018. The impact of atmospheric cold plasma treatment on inactivation of lipase and lipoxygenase of wheat germs. Innovative Food Science & Emerging Technologies, 47: 346-352. ‏ DOI: 10.1016/j.ifset.2018.03.002

    Torki M, Nasiroleslami M & Ghasemi HA. 2016. The effects of different protein levels in laying hens under hot summer conditions. Animal Production Science, 57: 927-934. ‏ DOI: 10.1071/AN15463

    Wu G, Bryant MM, Voitle RA & Roland Sr DA. 2005. Effect of dietary energy on performance and egg composition of Bovans White and Dekalb White hens during phase I. Poultry Science, 84: 1610–1615. DOI: 10.1093/ps/84.10.1610

    Yakhkeshi S, Rahimi S & Gharib Naseri K. 2011. The effects of comparison of herbal extracts, antibiotic, probiotic and organic acid on serum lipids, immune response, GIT microbial population, intestinal morphology and performance of broilers. Journal of medicinal plants, 10: 80-95. ‏

    Yalcın S, Onbaşılar EE, Reisli Z & Yalcın S. 2006. Effect of garlic powder on the performance, egg traits and blood parameters of laying hens. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 86: 1336-1339. DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.2515

    Yuan K, Wu G, Bryant MM & Roland Sr, DA. 2009. Effect of dietary energy on performance, egg component, egg solids, and egg quality in Bovans White and Dekalb White hens during phase 2. The Journal of Poultry Science, 46: 30-34. ‏ DOI: 10.2141/jpsa.46.3

Poultry Science Journal
Volume 10, Issue 1
August 2022
Pages 45-58

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics