Effect of Crossbreeding on Growth Performance of Improved Horro Crosses with Koekoek and Kuroiler Chicken Breeds

Document Type : Original Paper

Authors

1 Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Debre Zeit Agricultural Research Center, P.O. Box: 32, Bishoftu, Ethiopia

2 Addis Ababa University, College of Veterinary Medicine and Agriculture, P.O. Box: Bishoftu, Ethiopia

Abstract

The study was designed to evaluate the growth performance of exotic dual-purpose chicken breed of Koekoek (K) and Kuroiler (Ku) crosses with an improved Horro (H) chicken under reciprocal mating to select potential crosses for development of a synthetic breed in Ethiopia. The experiment was carried out on seven genotypes, including three pure lines (i.e., Horro, Koekoek, Kuroiler) and their direct (K × H, Ku × H) and reciprocal crosses (H × K and H × Ku). A total of 446one-day-old chicks from the seven genotypes were randomly distributed between pens using a completely randomized design with three replications (experiment period?). Data on body weight at hatch (DO), 4, 8, 12, 16 and 20 weeks of age, body weight gain, feed conversion rate (FCR) and mortality rate were calculated during the experiment. The crossbreeding effects were estimated to select the best genotype as a dam or a sire line in the synthetic breed for the next generation. The result showed that the highest mean body weight (P < 0.05) and body weight gain were related to Horro×Kuroiler crossbred chicken that followed by Ku×H, and pure Ku at most of studied ages. Average feed intake was comparable among genotypes. Additive (Ae), maternal and heterosis effects for body weight were significantly (P < 0.05) positive at most ages for both crosses. Additive effects range from 1.79 to 10.1% for Horro-Koekoek crosses, whereas it ranges from 1.6 to 44% for Horro-Kuroiler crosses. In Horro-Koekoek crosses, the highest positive contribution of maternal effect was observed for body weight at eight weeks (8.22 %). Estimates of heterosis effects (He) were positive and ranged from 6.54 to 13.79%. In the Horro-Kuroiler crosses, estimates of maternal additive (Me) and the heterosis effects on body weight were positive and significant (P < 0.05) at 8- and 12-weeks of age. Generally, the positive and significant additive effects suggest merits of the sire line in the growth performance which favors use of Kuroiler and Koekoek as sire lines to improve the body. Positive values and significant contribution of heterosis indicate the substantial effect of crossbreeding on body weight at most of the studied ages. From this study it can be recommended that crossbred hens sired by improved Horro (H × Ku) can be used for growth performance potential in the forthcoming synthetic breed development program.

Keywords

References

Adebambo A. 2011. Combining abilities among four breeds of chicken for feed efficiency variation: a preliminary assessment for chicken improvement in Nigeria. Tropical Animal Health and Production, 43: 1465-1466. DOI: 10.1007/ s11250-011-9844-y
Alewi M, Melesse A & Teklegiorgis Y. 2013. Evaluating the Growth performance of Local Kei Chickens and their F1-crosses with Rhode Island Guraghe Administrative Zone, Southern Ethiopia. Journal of Tropical and Subtropical Agroecosystems, 16: 39 – 50.  
Ali K, Katule A & Syrstad O. 2000. Genotype X Environment interaction for growing chickens: Comparison of four genetic groups on two rearing systems under tropical               condition. Acta Agriculture Scandinavica, Section A-Animal Sciences, 50: 65-71. DOI: 10.1080/ 09064700412331312301
Bekele F, Ådnøy T, Gjøen HM, Kathle J & Girma A. 2010. Production performance of Dual-Purpose crosses of two indigenous with two exotic chicken breeds in sub-tropical               environment. International Journal of Poultry Science, 9: 702-710. DOI: 10.3923/ijps.2010.702.710 
Binda BD, Yousif IA, Elamin KM & Eltayeb HE. 2012. A comparison of performance among exotic meat strains and local chicken ecotypes under Sudan conditions. International Journal of Poultry Science, 11: 500-504. DOI: 10.3923/ijps.2012. 500.504
Dana N, Vander Waaij E & Van Arendonk JM. 2011. Genetic and phenotypic parameter of estimates for body weights and egg production in Horro chicken of Ethiopia. Tropical Animal Health and Production, 43: 21-28. 10.1007/s11250-010-9649-4
Demissu H. 2020. Evaluation of productive and reproductive performances of different strains of chickens under varied management systems in western Ethiopia. PhD Dissertation, Addis Ababa University. http://etd.aau.edu.et/handle/123456789/21900
Dickerson G. 1969. Experimental approaches to utilizing breed resources. In Animal Breeding Abstract, 37:191-202.
Duncan D. 1997. Multiple Range and Multiple F Test. Biometric, 11: 1-42.
Islam M & Nishibori M. 2009. Indigenous naked neck chicken: valuable genetic         resources for Bangladesh, World’s Poultry Science Journal, 65: 125-138. DOI: 10.1017/S0043933909000105
Iraqi, M., E.A. Afifi, A.M. Abdel-Ghany and M. Afram, (2005). Diallel crossing analysis for livability data involving two standard and two native Egyptian chicken breeds. Livestock Research for Rural Development, 17(7).
Iraqi MM, Hanafi MS, EL-Moghazy GM, El-Kotait AH & Abdel A’al MH. 2011. Estimation of crossbreeding effects for growth and immunological strains by crossing ii-estimation of crossbreeding traits in a crossbreeding experiment involving two local strains of chickens. Livestock Research for Rural Development, 23(4).
Iraqi M, Khalil M & El-Attrouny M. 2012. Estimation of crossbreeding parameters for egg production traits in crossing Golden Montazah with White Leghorn chickens. Livestock Research for Rural Development, 24(4).
Iraqi M, Khalil M & El-Attrouny M. 2013. Estimation of crossbreeding components for            growth traits in crossing Golden Montazah with White Leghorn chickens. International conference balnimalcon Tekirdag, Turkiye.
Halima H, de Kock NA & Van. Marle-Köster E. 2006. Growth performance of indigenous chickens under intensive management, conditions in Northwest Ethiopia. Society for Animal Science Peer-reviewed paper:  Proc. 41 Congress of the South African Society for poultry production: Animal Science, 71. South African Journal of Animal Science. DOI: 10.13140/ 2.1.1701.9522
Halima H. 2007. Phenotypic and genetic characterization of indigenous chicken populations in Northwest Ethiopia. PhD Thesis, South Africa in university of Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa.
Kedija H, Gebeyehu G, Wondmeneh E & Solomon A. 2018. Evaluation of cross breeding effect on growth of Local Horro ecotype crossed with exotic Dominant Red Barred D 922 Chickens: A Step towards synthetic breed development in Ethiopia. American-Eurasian Journal of Scientific Research, 13: 74-84. DOI: 10.5829/ idosi.aejsr.2018.74.84
Kayitesi A. 2015. Management systems and location effects on growth and carcass traits of Kuroiler and   local chickens. MSc thesis, Makerere University, Uganda, pp: 86.
Kharayat N, Chaudhary G, Katiyar R, Balmurugan PM, Uniyal S, Raza M & Mishra G. 2016. Significance of artificial insemination in poultry. Journal of Veterinary Science and Technology, 5: 2349-3690.
Lamont S & Deeb N. 2001. Genetics of body composition in a novel broiler cross. In: Proceedings XV European Symposium on Quality of Poultry Meat. World Poultry Science Association Turkish Branch, Ege University., Izmir, Turkey, pp: 23-28. DOI: 10.1093/ jhered/93.2.107
Mekki D, Youif M, Abdel R & Musa. 2005. Growth performance of indigenous x exotic crosses of chicken and evaluation of general and specific combining ability under Sudan condition. International Journal of Poultry Science, 4: 468-471. DOI: 10.3923/ijps.2005.468.471
Mulugeta S, Goshu G & Esatu W. 2020. Growth performance of DZ-white and Improved Horro chicken breeds under different agro-ecological zones of Ethiopia. Journal of Livestock Science, 11: 45-53. DOI. 10.33259/JLivestSci.2020.45-53
Sabri H, Khattab M & Abdel-Ghany M. 2000. Genetic analysis for body weight traits of a diallel crossing involving Rhode Island Red, White Leghorn, Fayoumi and Dandarawi chickens. Annals of Agricultural Science, Moshtohor, 38: 1869-1883.
SAS. 2002. Statistical analysis systems. SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC, USA.
Razuki W & Al-Shaheen SA. 2011. Use of full diallel cross to estimate crossbreeding effects in laying chickens. International Journal of Poultry Science. 10: 197–204. DOI: 10.3923/ijps.2011.197.204
Teketel F. 1986. Studies on the meat production potential of some local strains of chicken in Ethiopia., Ph.D Thesis, J. L. Giessen University. http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/1777
Wilson, H, 1991. Interrelationships of egg size, chick size, posthatching growth and hatchability. World’s Poultry Science Journal, 47: 5-20. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1079/WPS19910002
Wondmeneh EW. 2015. Genetic improvement in indigenous chicken of Ethiopia. Ph. D. Thesis, Wageningen University, The Netherlands, pp: 138
Poultry Science Journal
Volume 10, Issue 1
August 2022
Pages 35-44

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics