Dietary Effect of Selenium-enriched Radish Sprouts, Vitamin E, and Rhodobacter capsulatus on Hypocholesterolemia and Immunity of Broiler

Document Type : Original Paper

Authors

1 Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shinshu University, Minamiminowa-mura, Nagano 399-4598, Japan

2 Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Science, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur-5200, Bangladesh

3 MI Tech Co., Ltd., 399-4601, Minowa-machi, Nagano, Japan

Abstract

The study was designed to investigate the effects of dietary Selenium-enriched radish sprouts (Se-RS), Vitamin E (Vit E), and Rhodobacter capsulatus (RC) on immunity, cholesterol concentration, and fatty acid composition in broiler meat. A total of 100 two-week-old male broiler chicks were randomly assigned into five dietary groups: I) Control; II) Se-RS (5 μg/kg Se-RS); III) Se-RS+RC (5 μg/kg Se-RS + 0.2 g/kg RC); IV) Se-RS+Vit E (5 μg/kg Se-RS + 50 mg/kg Vit E) and V) Se-RS+RC+Vit E (5 μg/kg Se-RS + 0.2 g/kg RC + 50 mg/kg Vit E). Diets and clean drinking water were offered ad libitum. After the end of 3-wk of feeding period, serum cholesterol and triglycerides concentrations were lower (P < 0.05) in broilers fed Se-RS + RC + Vit E supplemented diet compared to the control diet. At the end of the 6-wk feeding period, birds fed the Se-RS+RC+Vit E diet significantly (P < 0.05) reduced cholesterol and triglycerides concentrations and improved the ratio of unsaturated fatty acids to saturated fatty acids in broiler meat. The highest (P < 0.05) number of leukocytes was observed in broilers fed Se-RS+RC+Vit E supplemented diet. Foot web index and weights of spleen, bursa, and thymus were significantly (P < 0.05) higher in birds fed Se-RS+RC+Vit E compared to the control diet. Our findings suggest that there are dual benefits of supplementing broiler diets with Se-RS+RC+Vit E because of improvements in the bird’s immunity and meat quality that is important for health conscious consumers.

Keywords

References

Afrose S, Hossain MS, Maki T & Tsujii H. 2010. Hypocholesterolemic response to karaya saponin and Rhodobacter capsulatus in broiler chickens. Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Science, 23: 733−741. DOI: 10.5713/ajas.2010.90481
Attia YA, Abd-El-Hamid AE, Abd El-Ghany FA & Habiba HI. 2006. Effect of oil source and antioxidant supplementations on growth performance and meat quality of Japanese quail males. In: Proceedings of the EPC 2006 XII European Poultry Conference, 10−14 September 2006, Verona, Italy.
Hargitai R, Prechl J & Törok J. 2006. Maternal immunoglobulin concentration in collared flycatcher (Ficedula albicollis) eggs in relation to parental quality and laying order. Functional Ecology, 20: 829–838. DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2435.2006.01171.x
 Colnago GL, Jensen S & Long PL. 1984. Effect of selenium and vitamin E on the development of immunity to coccidiosis in chickens. Poultry Science Journal, 63: 1136–1143. DOI: 10.3382/ps.0631136
Deniz G, Genzen SS & Turkmen II. 2005. Effects of two supplemental dietary selenium sources (mineral and organic) on broiler performance and drip-loss. Revue de Médecine Vétérinaire, 156: 423–426.
Eerola E, Veromaa T & Toivanen P, 1987. Special features in the structural organization of the avian lymphoid system. Avian Immunology: Basis and Practice (Ed. A. Toivanen and P. Toivanen). CRC Press, Inc. Boca Raton. FL. 256 Pages.
Elkin RG & Rogler JC, 1990. Reduction of the cholesterol content of eggs by the oral administration of lovastatin to laying hens. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 38: 1635–1641.
Forstrom JW, Zakowski JJ & Tappel AL. 1978. Identification of the catalytic site of rat liver glutathione peroxidase as selenocysteine. Biochemistry, 17: 2639–2644. DOI: 10.1021/bi00606a028
Grau A, Codony R, Grimpa S, Baucells MD & Guardiola F. 2001. Cholesterol oxidation in frozen dark chicken meat: influence of dietary fat source and α-tocopherol and ascorbic acid supplementation. Meat Science, 57: 197–208. DOI: 10.1016/S0309-1740(00)00094-2
Henry PR & Ammerman CB. 1995. Selenium bioavailability. Page 301 in Bioavailability of Nutrients for Animals. Ammerman, CB, Baker, DH, Lewis, AJ. ed. Academic Press, New York.
Hossain MS, Afrose S, Takeda I & Tsujii H. 2010. Effect of selenium-enriched Japanese radish sprouts and Rhodobacter capsulatus on the cholesterol and immune response of laying hens. Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Science, 23: 630–639.
Kern FJ. 1991. Normal plasma cholesterol in an 88-year-old man who eats 25 eggs a day: mechanisms of adaptation. New England Journal of Medicine, 324: 896−899.
Kidd, MT. 2004. Nutritional modulation of immune function in broilers. Poultry Science, 83: 650–657. DOI: 10.1093/ps/83.4.650
Kim YJ, Park WY & Choi IH. 2010. Effects of dietary α-tocopherol, selenium, and their different combinations on growth performance and meat quality of broiler chickens. Poultry Science, 89: 603–608. DOI: 10.3382/ps.2009-00280
Kiremidjian-Schumacher L, Roy M, Wishe HI, Cohen MW & Stotzky G. 1994. Supplementation with selenium and human immune cell functions, II: effect on cytotoxic lymphocytes and natural killer cells. Biological Trace Element Research, 41: 115–127. DOI: 10.1007/BF02917222
Kobayashi M & Kurata SI. 1978. Mass culture and cell utilization of photosynthetic bacteria. Process Biochemistry, 13: 27−29.
Kubena LF, Deaton JW, Chen TC & Reece FN. 1974. Factors influencing the quantity of abdominal fat in broilers. 1. Rearing temperature, sex, age or weight and dietary choline chloride and inositol supplementation. Poultry Science, 53: 211−214. DOI: 10.3382/ps.0530211
Martens GW, Arikan MC, Lee J, Ren F, Vallerskog T & Kornfeld H. 2008. Hypercholesterolemia impairs immunity to tuberculosis. Infection and Immunity, 76: 3464−3472. DOI: 10.1128/IAI.00037-08
Mozaffarian D & Clarke R. 2009. Quantitative effects on cardiovascular risk factors and coronary heart disease risk of replacing partially hydrogenated vegetable oils with other fats and oils. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 63: 22–33. DOI: 10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602976
Payne RL & Southern LL. 2005. Changes in glutathione peroxidase and tissue selenium concentrations of broilers after consuming a diet adequate in selenium. Poultry Science, 84: 1268–1276. DOI: 10.1093/ps/84.8.1268
Russell DW. 2003. The enzymes, regulation, and genetics of bile acid synthesis. Annual Review of Biochemistry, 72: 137−174. DOI: 10.1146/annurev.biochem.72.121801.161712
Ryu YC, Rhee MS, Lee KM & Kim BC. 2005. Effects of different levels of dietary supplementaal selinium on performance, lipid oxidation, and color stability of broiler chicks. Poultry Science, 84: 809-815. DOI: 10.1093/ps/84.5.809
Salma U, Miah AG, Tareq KMA, Maki T & Tsujii H. 2007a. Effect of dietary Rhodobacter capsulatus on egg-yolk cholesterol and laying hen performance. Poultry Science, 86: 714−719. DOI: 10.1093/ps/86.4.714
Salma U, Miah AG, Maki T & Tsujii H. 2007b. Effect of dietary Rhodobacter capsulatus on cholesterol concentrationand fatty acid composition in Japanese Quail (Coturnix japonica) egg. Journal of Poultry Science, 44: 375–382.
Salma U, Miah AG, Maki T, Nishimura M & Tsujii H. 2007c. Effect of dietary Rhodobacter capsulatus on cholesterol concentration and fatty acids composition in broiler meat. Poultry Science, 86: 1920−1926. DOI: 10.1093/ps/86.9.1920
Salma U, Miah AG, Tsujii H, Schellander K & Südekum KH. 2011. Effect of dietary Rhodobacter capsulatus on lipid fractions and egg-yolk fatty acid composition in laying hens. Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition, 96: 1091–1100. DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0396.2011.01224.x
Serman V, Mas N, Mazija H & Mikulec Z. 1992. Immune response as a marker of needs for vitamin E in chicks. 2. The influence of vitamin E on fattening chicks productivity. Krimva, 34: 65–69.
Shen XJ, Ito S, Mizutani M & Yamamoto Y. 2002. Phylogenetic analysis in chicken breeds inferred from complete cytochrome b gene information. Biochemical Genetics, 40: 129–141. DOI: 10.1023/A:1015165506752
Singh H, Sodhi S & Kaur R. 2006. Effects of dietary supplements of selenium, vitamin E or combinations of the two on antibody responses of broilers. British Poultry Science, 47: 714−719. DOI: 10.1080/00071660601040079
Sunde RA. 1997. Selenium. Page 493 in Handbook of Nutritionally Essential Mineral Elements. BL. O’Dell and RA. Sunde, ed. Marcel Dekker, Inc., New York.
Sunde RA & Hoekstra WG. 1980. Incorporation of selenium from selenite into selenocystine into glutathione peroxidase in the isoloated perfused rat liver. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, 93: 1181–1188. DOI: 10.1016/0006-291X(80)90614-2
Tsujii H, Nishioka M, Salma U, Miah AG, Maki T & Lee MG. 2007. Comparative study on hypocholesterolemic effect of Rhodopseudomonas palustris and Rhodobacter capsulatus on rats fed a high-cholesterol diet. Animal Science Journal, 78: 535− 540. DOI: 10.1111/j.1740-0929.2007.00473.x
Tsujii H, Kuwabara Y, Salma U, Miah AG, Nishimura M & Maki T. 2008. Effect of dietary Rhodobacter capsulatus on cholesterol, triglycerides concentration, and meat quality of finishing pigs. Animal Science Journal, 79: 460−465. DOI: 10.1111/j.1740-0929.2008.00550.x
Tsujii H, Salma U, Miah AG & Maki T. 2016. Hypocholesterolaemic effects of Rhodobacter capsulatus on rat. International Journal of Veterinary Science, 5: 224−230.
Yamanoshita O, Ichihara S, Hama H, Ichihara G, Chiba M, Kamijima M, Takeda I & Nakajima T. 2007. Chemopreventive effect of selenium-enriched Japanese radish sprout against breast cancer induced by 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene in rats. Tohoku Journal of Experimental Medicine, 212: 191−198. DOI: 10.1620/tjem.212.191
Yoon I, Werner TM & Butler JM. 2007. Effect of source and concentration of selenium on growth performance and selenium retention in broiler chickens. Poultry Science, 86: 727−730. DOI: 10.1093/ps/86.4.727
Zhao HL, Harding SV, Marinangeli CPF, Kim YS & Jones PJH. 2008. Hypocholesterolemic and anti-obesity effects of saponins from Platycodon grandiflorum in hamsters fed atherogenic diets. Journal of Food Science, 73: 195−200. DOI: 10.1111/j.1750-3841.2008.00915.
Poultry Science Journal
Volume 5, Issue 1
June 2017
Pages 71-81

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics