Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural ResourcesPoultry Science Journal2345-66044220160701Intermittent Photoperiod Schedule does not Influence Brain and Serum Melatonin and Selected Serum Antioxidant Enzymes Activity in Broiler Chickens8187326310.22069/PSJ.2016.10372.1170ENN MoslehDepartment of Clinical Studies, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, IranF AmirmoezziDepartment of Clinical Studies, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, IranS NazifiDepartment of Clinical Studies, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, IranJournal Article20160102This study evaluated the effect of the intermittent light program on serum and brain melatonin concentrations, antioxidant enzyme activities, and homocysteine concentration in broiler chickens. A total of 60 one-day-old broiler chickens (Cobb 500) were distributed in three light-proof controlled rooms (20 chicks per room). All birds were reared in continuous light until 3 days of age. Then, chicks were treated as follows: 1) intermittent lighting program (1L: 3D cycles), 2) continuous lighting program (24L), and 3) nonintermittent restricted lighting program (8L: 16D). At day 42 of age, sera and brains were collected from all chicks of each group (at the end of the dark phase for groups 1 and 3). Serum and brain melatonin concentrations were not affected by the different photoperiod schedules. Serum glutathione reductase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase activity as well as homocysteine concentration were also similar between different treatment groups. In conclusion, intermittent lighting program during the rearing period does not affect serum and brain melatonin levels as well as antioxidant status at the end of the dark phase in broilers.https://psj.gau.ac.ir/article_3263_919d573c8d2177a89423ebc45bcaf05a.pdfGorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural ResourcesPoultry Science Journal2345-66044220161231Evaluation of Dietary Hempseed and Hempseed Oil on Performance, Egg Quality and Some Blood Parameters in Laying Hens after Peak Period8995326410.22069/psj.2016.10513.1185ENH BazdidiDepartment of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, University of Birjand, Birjand, IranN AfzaliDepartment of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, University of Birjand, Birjand, IranSJ Hosseini-VashanDepartment of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, University of Birjand, Birjand, IranSE GhiasiDepartment of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, University of Birjand, Birjand, IranM MalekanehDepartment of Biochemistry, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, IranJournal Article20160409The aim of this study was to recognize the effects of dietary hempseed (HS) and hempseed oil (HO) on performance, egg quality and blood parameters of laying hens. A total of 320 Hy-line 55-weeks laying hens were randomly allotted to eight dietary treatments with five replicates (8 birds each). The experimental treatments were offered as a completely randomized design as follow: control group (no addition), four levels of HS (5, 10, 15, 20%), and three levels of HO (2, 4, 6%) added to the basic diet. The trial was performed for 12 weeks (3 four-weeks periods) started at the age 55 wk. Eggs were daily collected and weighed. Results showed that the highest egg production, egg mass and the lowest feed intake and feed conversion ratio were observed in birds fed 6% HO in diet (p < 0.05). With increasing the levels of HO from 4 to 6%, the Haugh unit significantly increased at the third period (Phttps://psj.gau.ac.ir/article_3264_dc6732b6285d6e5f8c34ab67c6e60394.pdfGorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural ResourcesPoultry Science Journal2345-66044220160701Comparison of Antibiotic, Probiotic and Great Plantain (Plantago major L.) on Growth Performance, Serum Metabolites, Immune Response and Ileal Microbial Population of Broilers97105326510.22069/PSJ.2016.10041.1164ENM MazhariDepartment of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Jiroft, Kerman, Iran0000-0001-7719-2707O EsmaeilipourDepartment of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Jiroft, Kerman, IranR MirmahmoudiDepartment of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Jiroft, Kerman, IranY BadakhshanDepartment of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Jiroft, Kerman, IranJournal Article20160130The objective of the study was to compare the effects of antibiotic virginiamycin, probiotic Protexin<sup>®</sup> and <em>Plantago major</em> L. (plantain) on performance, serum metabolites, immune response, and the ileal microbial population of broilers. The experiment was carried out with a total of 200 day-old male Ross 308 broiler chickens in a completely randomized design. Chickens were allocated to five groups consisting of T<sub>1</sub>: control diet (Con), T<sub>2</sub>: Con+0.02% virginiamycin, T<sub>3</sub>: Con+0.01% Protexin, T<sub>4</sub>: Con+0.5% plantain and T<sub>5</sub>: Con+1% plantain. Each group was divided into four replicates consisting of ten chicks each. In comparison with the control group, body weight gain increased in chickens fed Protexin and 0.5% plantain groups in the starter period, as well as by antibiotic in grower and finisher periods and by 1% plantain in all periods (<em>P </em>< 0.01). Supplementation of plantain and virginiamycin increased (<em>P </em>< 0.01) feed intake in the starter and finisher periods, respectively. Feed conversion ratio improved (<em>P </em>< 0.05) in finisher period only by virginiamycin. All treated birds showed an elevated relative weight of carcass and bursa, and plantain increased relative weight of the spleen (<em>P </em>< 0.01). All treatments demonstrated a hypocholesterolemic effect (<em>P </em>< 0.01) and higher level of plantain (1%) decreased (<em>P </em>< 0.05) serum glucose, triglyceride and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol as well. The inclusion of Protexin and plantain enhanced immune system with increased white and red blood cells as well as second anti-SRBC immune response and reduced heterophil/lymphocyte ratio in SRBC injected birds (<em>P </em>< 0.05). Virginiamycin decreased ileal microbial population of <em>Lactobacillus </em>while Protexin and plantain increased it (<em>P </em>< 0.01). Meanwhile, 1% plantain suppressed ileal <em>E. coli</em> counts. In conclusion, 1% <em>Plantago major</em> L. performed the best in this study because it led to increased body and carcass weight, lowered serum cholesterol and triglyceride, reduced heterophil/lymphocyte ratio, improved immune response, and ileal microflora.https://psj.gau.ac.ir/article_3265_c434b02f4f1116f91b7ed9cd23b0c3a5.pdfGorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural ResourcesPoultry Science Journal2345-66044220161231Performance and Egg Quality of Laying Hens Fed Diets Supplemented with Herbal Extracts and Flaxseed107116326610.22069/PSJ.2016.9833.1156ENR Majidzadeh HeraviDepartment of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, IranR VakiliDepartment of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Kashmar branch, Islamic Azad University, Kashmar, IranJournal Article20151003In this experiment, the effects of fennel and thyme extracts with and without flaxseed were investigated on performance and egg quality of Leghorn-type laying hens (Hy-Line W-36). 200 laying hens from 26 to 38 weeks of age were assigned to five dietary treatments with five replications. The treatment groups were: 1) Control (a diet without any additives); 2) control diet plus fennel (40 mg/kg feed); 3) control diet plus thyme (40 mg/kg feed); 4) a diet containing flaxseed and fennel; and 5) a diet containing flaxseed plus thyme. There were significant differences in feed intake and egg weight between the treatments (<em>p </em> < 0.05). The egg yolk color index in hens that received thyme extract and flaxseed treatment was significantly higher than other treatments (<em>p </em> < 0.05). Hens fed control diet had lower Haugh unit compared to other treatments that contained herbal extracts. The eggshell strength was significantly higher in hens that received thyme extract and flaxseed treatments than control (<em>p </em> < 0.05). The eggshell weight in treatments containing flaxseed was significantly higher compared to the other treatments (<em>P </em>< 0.05). The lowest egg yolk cholesterol concentration was found in hens fed thyme and flaxseed treatment. The hens fed plant extracts and flaxseed diets had eggs with low palmitic and stearic acids and high α-linolenic acid. It is concluded that thyme and fennel extracts, as well as flaxseed, improved the performance and egg quality of laying hens. The use of flaxseed and thyme extract improved egg yolk omega-3 fatty acids and decreased yolk cholesterol content.https://psj.gau.ac.ir/article_3266_159e94280f2a5af96bd555323dbaa272.pdfGorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural ResourcesPoultry Science Journal2345-66044220161231Garlic Supplement Improves Intestinal Mucosa Morphology in Broiler Chickens with Developmental Pulmonary Hypertension117125326710.22069/PSJ.2016.10564.1174ENS BahadoranDepartment of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran0000-0002-5897-8509H HassanpourDepartment of Basic Sciences, Physiology Division, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahrekord University,
Shahrekord, Iran0000-0002-9980-8100Z ShafighDepartment of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, IranJournal Article20160203The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of dietary garlic on the growth performance, intestinal mucosa morphology, and pulmonary hypertensive response in broiler chickens with pulmonary hypertension induced by 3, 5, 3′-l triiodothyronine. Chicks were reared for 42 days and treated with triiodothyronine (1.5 mg/kg diet) and 0 (control), 0.2, 0.6 or 1% garlic powder. Intestinal segments (duodenum, jejunum and ileum) were dissected to assess villus variables. The proportion of chickens with RV/TV ≥ 0.29 was lower in all garlic treatments than control (<em>P < </em>0.05). Body weight of chickens fed 0.2 and 0.6% garlic increased compared to control (<em>P < </em>0.05). The duodenal and jejunal villus length, width (at 42 days), and surface area (at 28 and 42 days) were significantly higher in most garlic-fed groups than control (<em>P < </em>0.05). Ileal villus length, surface area (in 0.6% garlic group), and width (in 0.6 and 1% garlic groups) also increased in chickens fed garlic supplement at 42 days compared to control (<em>P </em>< 0.05). It is concluded that supplementation of garlic (especially concentrations of 0.6 and 1%) in broiler chickens with developmental pulmonary hypertension could modulate pulmonary hypertensive response and improve intestinal mucosa morphology.https://psj.gau.ac.ir/article_3267_cb89bd7aae46d7874e29cf42d42b08d4.pdfGorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural ResourcesPoultry Science Journal2345-66044220161231Effects of Different Levels of Raw and Processed Oak Acorn (Quercus castaneifolia) on Performance, Small Intestine Morphology, Ileal Digestibility of Nutrients, Carcass Characteristics and Some Blood Parameters in Broiler Chickens127138326810.22069/PSJ.2016.10575.1175ENM RezaieDepartment of Animal Science, College of Animal Science and Fisheries, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural
Resources University, Sari, Iran0000-0003-0515-6365H SemnaninejadDepartment of Animal Science, College of Animal Science and Fisheries, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural
Resources University, Sari, IranJournal Article20160205This study was conducted to determine the effect of oak acorn (Quercus castaneifolia) on performance, small intestine morphology, ileal digestibility of nutrient, carcass and some blood parameters in broiler chicks. A total of fifty hundred four one-d old male chickens (Ross308 strain) with seven treatments and four replicates in each treatment were used. Experimental diets were: control (corn-soybean meal diet), raw oak acorn at the levels of 10 and 20 percent, soaked oak acorn diet containing 10 and 20 percent oak acorn soaked in water for 24h., diets contain 10 and 20 percent of soaked oak acorn soaked in water for 48h with twice water substitution. Experiment lasted from 1 to 42 day of ages. Results showed that body weight, weight gain, feed intake, feed conversion ratio, ileal dry matter and protein digestibility, and small intestine morphology was significantly (Phttps://psj.gau.ac.ir/article_3268_8c0a8fe2c4a57c27a3001358e9b95bec.pdfGorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural ResourcesPoultry Science Journal2345-66044220161231Influence of Dietary Aspirin on Growth Performance, Antioxidant Status, and Mortality due to Ascites in Broiler Chickens139146326910.22069/PSJ.2016.10701.1178ENM FathiDepartment of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Payam Noor University, Tehran, Iran0000-0001-9629-4186M HaydariDepartment of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Payam Noor University, Tehran, IranJournal Article20160327This study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary influence of aspirin on growth performance, antioxidant status and mortality in the broilers subjected to cold-induced ascites. A total six hundred 1-d old male broilers (Ross, 308) were randomly allotted to four treatment groups, with five replicate pens per treatment and 30 birds each. The experimental groups were kept in a cold chamber to induce ascites and fed the basal diet supplemented with 0, 20, 40 or 80 mg of aspirin /kg diet. Results showed, aspirin had a significant effect (p < 0.05) on broiler performance so that, 80 mg group of aspirin had greater body weight gain and lower feed conversion ratio. Compared to other groups, 20 mg of aspirin significantly reduced malondialdehyde concentration and increased total antioxidant capacity with higher glutathione peroxidase activity in plasma (Phttps://psj.gau.ac.ir/article_3269_65150455209a0b105ba3d3a530d3be41.pdfGorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural ResourcesPoultry Science Journal2345-66044220161231Carcass Physical Features of Malagasy Chicken: Indigenous Race and Starbro Strain147155327010.22069/PSJ.2016.10846.1182ENI HantanirinaDepartment of Animal Science, Graduate School of Agronomics Sciences, University of Antananarivo,
Antananarivo 175, MadagascarR RabearismisaDepartment of Animal Science, Graduate School of Agronomics Sciences, University of Antananarivo,
Antananarivo 175, MadagascarJN RakotozandrinyDepartment of Animal Science, Graduate School of Agronomics Sciences, University of Antananarivo,
Antananarivo 175, MadagascarC MazelModeling and Optimization Systems Laboratory, Blaise Pascal University / CNRS, Clermont-Ferrand II, Campus
Cézeaux 10125, FranceJournal Article20160326This study aims to compare anatomies of Madagascar chickens (indigenous race and Starbro strain). With 8,262 individuals of either indigenous races or Starbro strain chickens raised in a suburban environment, the weights of different pieces of cut as well as the live weights before slaughter were determined. Results showed that breast development presents a positive linear relationship with thigh development for Starbro strain chickens (fast growing broiler) while the relationship between the two traits is negative for the indigenous races (slow growing chicken). Giblet proportions are similar between these two types of chicken. We found that slaughtering at 1,750g live weight (age 120 to 185 days) is profitable for indigenous race chickens (meat yield = 40.16%, breast yield = 18.10%, thigh yield = 20.15% and abdominal fat yield = 1.90%). For the Starbro strain, ideal weight at slaughter is 1,300-1,450 g, corresponding to 49 to 61 days of age (meat yield = 39.63%, breast yield = 17.85%, thigh yield = 20.27% and abdominal fat yield = 1.51%). The physical features of the cuts are similar between indigenous races and Starbro strain chickens.https://psj.gau.ac.ir/article_3270_e4f28a00a311d4d48ac3deae5bb2e1f4.pdfGorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural ResourcesPoultry Science Journal2345-66044220161231Effects of Lactobacillus-Based Probiotic on Performance, Gut Microflora, Hematology and Intestinal Morphology in Young Broiler Chickens Challenged with Salmonella Typhimurium157165327110.22069/PSJ.2016.11164.1191ENO AshayerizadehDepartment of Animal and Poultry Nutrition, Faculity of Animal Science, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Basij Square, Gorgan, Golestan, IranB DastarDepartment of Animal and Poultry Nutrition, Faculty of Animal Science, Gorgan University of Agricultural
Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran0000-0002-5710-4770F SamadiDepartment of Animal and Poultry Physiology, Faculty of Animal Science, Gorgan University of Agricultural
Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, IranM KhomeiriDepartment of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Gorgan University of
Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, IranA YamchiDepartment of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Faculty of Plant Production, Gorgan University of
Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, IranS ZerehdaranDepartment of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, IranJournal Article20160516This experiment was conducted to compare the effects of multi-strain probiotic inclusion levels on performance, intestinal morphology, gut microflora and hematological changes in Salmonella typhimurium (ST) infected broiler chickens. A total of 120 day old Ross 308 broiler chickens were distributed into 20 floor pens and reared for 10 days under 5 experimental treatments including a corn-soy basal diet with no probiotic (Control), or 0.5 g (0.05%), 1 g (0.1%), 1.5 g (0.15%) and 2 g (0.2%) probiotic/kg diet. Chickens were infected orally with ST at second day of experiment. Broilers under 0.15% of probiotic had higher body weight gain compared to other treatments. Probiotic supplementation, except at 0.05%, significantly improved feed conversion ratio. The use of 0.1 and 0.15% of probiotic reduced the population of Salmonella in ileum. The lowest heterophil:lymphocyte ratio was observed in 0.15% of probiotic, although 0.1 and 0.2% of probiotic significantly reduced this ratio compared to control group. Adding 0.15% of probiotic to the basal diet increased (Phttps://psj.gau.ac.ir/article_3271_37fafb3108cb6d709b852a73c666e2d0.pdfGorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural ResourcesPoultry Science Journal2345-66044220161231Age-related Changes in some Blood Parameters of Ostrich (Short Communication)167171327210.22069/PSJ.2016.10081.1166ENM Khodaei MotlaghDepartment of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resource, Arak University, Arak 38156-8-
8349, IranR MasoumiDepartment of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, IranJournal Article20151216The aim of this study was investigating some blood parameters of blue-neck male ostriches (Struthio camelus) with 4 months old after feeding a diet containing 3% sunflower oil for two months. In the morning, after about 12 h of fasting, some blood samples were collected from the wing vein of ostriches at the beginning and 60 days of study in department of animal sceince Arak university . The plasma was harvested and analyzed to measure cholesterol, triglyceride, high-density lipoprotein-Cholesrerol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein-Cholesterol (LDL-C), Very low density lipoproyein-Cholesterol (VLDL_C), total protein, albumin, total immunoglobulin, the activity of AST and ALT. From days 0 to 60, HDL-C concentration decreased (Phttps://psj.gau.ac.ir/article_3272_c9519a416b91c0da5e42bd1cf4a55afb.pdf