@article { author = {}, title = {Info}, journal = {Poultry Science Journal}, volume = {2}, number = {2}, pages = {0-0}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources}, issn = {2345-6604}, eissn = {2345-6566}, doi = {10.22069/psj.2014.2332}, abstract = {}, keywords = {}, url = {https://psj.gau.ac.ir/article_2332.html}, eprint = {https://psj.gau.ac.ir/article_2332_887d5f97b0c96439b1b74b60159bcae4.pdf} } @article { author = {El-Katcha, MI and El-Kholy, ME and Soltan, MA and EL-Gayar, AH}, title = {Effect of Dietary Omega-3 to Omega-6 Ratio on Growth Performance, Immune Response, Carcass Traits and Meat Fatty Acids Profile of Broiler Chickens}, journal = {Poultry Science Journal}, volume = {2}, number = {2}, pages = {71-94}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources}, issn = {2345-6604}, eissn = {2345-6566}, doi = {10.22069/psj.2014.1958}, abstract = {This experiment was conducted to study the effect of dietary n-3 to n-6 ratio on performance, immune response, blood parameters and fatty acids profile of broiler chickens. A total number of 192 one day old broiler chicks were randomly alloctted into 6 groups. Chicks of groups 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 were fed balanced corn-soybean diets containing n-3 to n-6 ratios of 1:1, 1:3, 1:5, 1:7, 1:9 and 1:11, respectively. Different n-3 to n-6 ratioes had no significant effect on growth performance parameters. The best dressing percentage was recorded in group 3 while no significant difference was noticed in the weight of organs except for a significant increase in the weight of gizzard in group 4. There was a variable effect of the n-3 to n-6 ratio on parameters of innate immunity. The highest lymphocyte percentage was detected in group 5. Antibody titers against Newcastle disease (ND) and Avian Influenza (AI) increased in wider ratio groups. The lowest glucose level was detected in group 4. Though serum albumin and total protein were decreased in group 3, serum globulin increased in groups 2 and 3. The lowest cholesterol content of breast meat was detected in group 3 and the highest content was detected in group 6. The cholesterol content of the thigh recorded opposite results. Narrow dietary n-3 to n-6 groups tended to record higher n-3 PUFAs content especially DHA in breast meat. While wider n-3 to n-6 ratio groups tended to deposit more SFAS, MUFAs and n-6 PUFAs than the narrower ratio groups. The best n-3 to n-6 ratio of breast meat was recorded in group 2 receiving dietary n-3 to n-6 ratio of 1:3. From the results of this study, it could be concluded that the dietary n-3 to n-6 ratio had no significant effect on growth performance of broiler chickens. The best dressing percentage was detected in group with the ratio of 1:5. The ratio of 1:3 recorded the best health state parameters.}, keywords = {Broiler,carcass traits,Immune response,Growth performance,Fatty acid composition}, url = {https://psj.gau.ac.ir/article_1958.html}, eprint = {https://psj.gau.ac.ir/article_1958_6bae821db8bfe764b348b6888165e71c.pdf} } @article { author = {Abbasi, F and Samadi, F}, title = {Effect of Different Levels of Artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.) Leaf Powder on the Performance and Meat Quality of Japanese Quail}, journal = {Poultry Science Journal}, volume = {2}, number = {2}, pages = {95-111}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources}, issn = {2345-6604}, eissn = {2345-6566}, doi = {10.22069/psj.2014.1959}, abstract = {A total of 240 Japanese quail chicks (1 d old) were used in a 42-d trial to study the effects of Artichoke leaf powder and vitamin E on growth performance and meat quality. This experiment was performed as a completely randomized design with 4 replicates of 15 quails in each, using a 4×2 factorial arrangement with diet and gender as the main effects. Four dietary treatments were formulated by addition of 2 levels (1.5 and 3 percent) of Artichoke leaf powder and 300 mg/Kg vitamin E to the basal diet. Results showed that supplementing the basal diet with Artichoke leaf powder and vitamin E significantly affected growth performance at 21 d of age (P). Dietary treatments significantly affected 2-thiobarbituric acid-reactive substance (TBARS) and water holding capacity (WHC) values of breast meat (P). The value of TBARS in breast meat was not affected by dietary levels of Artichoke leaf powder, whereas the value decreased significantly by vitamin E treatment (P). Quails receiving 1.5 percent Artichoke leaf powder and 300 mg/Kg vitamin E had significantly lower breast meat WHC than those  receiving the basal diet (P). Breast meat crude fat and WHC were affected by gender (P). Dietary 3 percent Artichoke leaf powder increased the b* values of thigh meat compared with the control. The lightness of thigh and breast meat and also redness of thigh meat were affected by gender (P). In general, the results indicated that supplementation of diet by Artichoke leaf powder did not improve growth performance of quails, but may have a potential to improve the oxidative stability and meat quality.}, keywords = {Artichoke,Meat quality,Performance,Japanese quail}, url = {https://psj.gau.ac.ir/article_1959.html}, eprint = {https://psj.gau.ac.ir/article_1959_dd7d58d5f3120641a757a0ad89762857.pdf} } @article { author = {Saki, AA and Kalantar, M and Khoramabadi, V}, title = {Effects of Drinking Thyme Essence (Thymus vulgaris L.) on Growth Performance, Immune Response and Intestinal Selected Bacterial Population in Broiler Chickens}, journal = {Poultry Science Journal}, volume = {2}, number = {2}, pages = {113-123}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources}, issn = {2345-6604}, eissn = {2345-6566}, doi = {10.22069/psj.2014.1960}, abstract = {This study evaluated the effects of Drinking Thyme Essence (DTE) (Zero, 0.10, 0.15 and 0.20 mL/L) on growth performance, immune response and changing of intestinal bacterial population in broiler chickens. A total number of 500 day old male broiler chicks (Ross 308), were randomly assigned to 4 treatments with 5 replicates and 25 chickens per each, based on a completely randomized design (CRD). Growth performances were assessed during the range of 8-21, 22-42 and 8-42 d. At 21 and 42 d blood serum titers including: Newcastle Disease (ND), Avian Influenza (AI), Infectious Bronchitis Virus (IBV) and Infectious Bursal Disease (IBD) were sampled. Bacterial populations in intestinal digesta were determined at the age of 21 and 42 d. DTE levels significantly (P) improved total weight gain and total feed conversion ratio  as compared with the control group during 1-42 d of age. The titer of serum antibodies did not show significant differences between different treatments at the 21 or 42 d. Total count, E. coli, and Gram negative bacteria (GNB) at the age of 21 and 42 days showed a significantly (P) lower number compared with the control group. There was a significantly (P) higher number of Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) in DTE groups compared with control group at both ages of 21 and 42 d. In conclusion, different levels of DTE (especially at level of 0.20 mL/L) could improve the growth performance, immune response and intestinal lactic acid bacteria as a health index during different growth periods.}, keywords = {Broiler,Performance,Thyme essence,Immune response,Bacterial population}, url = {https://psj.gau.ac.ir/article_1960.html}, eprint = {https://psj.gau.ac.ir/article_1960_1b78428bfe4a7bee868e07b7a9f8cdbe.pdf} } @article { author = {Mazaheri, A and Shams Shargh, M and Dastar, B and Zerehdaran, S}, title = {Effect of Different Levels of Mushroom Waste (Agaricus bisporus) with or without Probiotic on Growth Performance, Carcass Characteristics, and Breast Meat Quality in Broiler Chickens}, journal = {Poultry Science Journal}, volume = {2}, number = {2}, pages = {125-138}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources}, issn = {2345-6604}, eissn = {2345-6566}, doi = {10.22069/psj.2014.1961}, abstract = {The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of mushroom waste and probiotic levels on growth performance, carcass characteristics, and meat quality in broiler chickens. A 2 × 3 factorial arrangement with two levels of probiotic supplementation (0 and recommended rate) and three levels of mushroom waste inclusion (0%, 3%, and 6%) was used in a completely randomized design using male broiler chickens (Ross 308 strain). Different levels of mushroom waste and probiotic had no significant effect on body weight gain and feed conversion ratio in broiler chickens. Neither different levels of mushroom waste nor probiotic independently had any significant effect on carcass characteristics. However, the use of mushroom waste and probiotics significantly reduced the malondialdehyde content in chicken breast meat 30 days after storage (P). Breast meat pH value was significantly reduced by supplementation with probiotic 1 and 30 days after storage (P). In conclusion, under the conditions of this experiment, inclusion of mushroom waste, particularly at 6% level, numerically improved growth performance and was effective in preventing meat oxidation.}, keywords = {Broiler,Probiotic,Performance,Meat quality,Mushroom waste}, url = {https://psj.gau.ac.ir/article_1961.html}, eprint = {https://psj.gau.ac.ir/article_1961_3e794be09ade219ce21396324a277475.pdf} } @article { author = {Torki, M and Zangiabadi, H and Ghasemi, HA}, title = {Effects of Enzyme Supplementation on Productive Performance and Egg Quality of Laying Hens fed Diets Containing Graded Levels of Whole Date Waste}, journal = {Poultry Science Journal}, volume = {2}, number = {2}, pages = {139-151}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources}, issn = {2345-6604}, eissn = {2345-6566}, doi = {10.22069/psj.2014.1962}, abstract = {The objective of present study was to determine the effects of β-mannanase-based enzyme (Hemicell®) on productive performance and egg quality in diets containing graded levels of Whole date waste (WDW) fed to laying hens. A total of 336 Hy-line leghorn hens after production peak were randomly divided into 56 cages. Eight iso-energetic and iso-nitrogenous experimental diets in a 4 × 2 factorial arrangement including four levels of WDW (0, 10, 20 and 30%) and 2 concentrations of supplemental β-mannanase (0 or 0.06 %) were prepared. Each dietary treatment was fed to 7 cages (6 birds/cage) from 32 to 38 wk of age. During the experiment, daily egg production, egg weight and feed intake were measured. At the 6th wk, egg quality traits were also recorded. The results showed that there was no interaction between WDW inclusion and enzyme supplementation on performance and egg traits. Dietary supplementation of WDW more than 10% significantly decreased egg production and egg mass compared to no WDW recipient hens (control diet) during the entire experiment (P). Inclusion of 30% WDW to the diet, significantly increased overall feed conversion ratio compared to the control group (P). The treatment with 20 and 30% WDW also resulted in lower eggshell thickness as compared to 10% WDW (P). The dietary inclusion of 10% WDW also increased yolk index as compared to the control and 30% WDW groups (P). Enzyme supplementation had no significant effect on productive performance as well as egg quality characteristics. Based on the results of this experiment, it can be concluded that WDW could be included to laying hens diets up to 10% with no deleterious effects on performance and egg quality characteristics.}, keywords = {Egg quality,Laying hen,Performance,β-mannanase,Whole date waste}, url = {https://psj.gau.ac.ir/article_1962.html}, eprint = {https://psj.gau.ac.ir/article_1962_fba1052d62c37b6b2613c3537143d3ff.pdf} } @article { author = {Naderi, M and Akbari, MR and Asadi-Khoshoei, E and Khaksar, K and Khajali, F}, title = {Effects of Dietary Inclusion of Turmeric (Curcuma longa) and Cinnamon (Cinnamomum verum) Powders on Performance, Organs Relative Weight and Some Immune System Parameters in Broiler Chickens}, journal = {Poultry Science Journal}, volume = {2}, number = {2}, pages = {153-163}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources}, issn = {2345-6604}, eissn = {2345-6566}, doi = {10.22069/psj.2014.1963}, abstract = {A total of 240 Ross 308 day-old male broiler chicks within a completely randomized design were used in this experiment to evaluate the effects of dietary inclusion of turmeric powder and cinnamon powder on performance and some immune responses of broiler chickens. Dietary treatments were as follow: a corn-soybean meal basal diet (control); basal diet + 10 ppm avilamycin; basal diet + 2.5 g/Kg turmeric powder; basal diet + 7.5 g/Kg turmeric powder; basal diet + 2.5 g/Kg cinnamon powder; and basal diet + 7.5 g/Kg cinnamon powder. During the experiment, feed intake, body weight gain, and feed conversion ratio were measured in the beginning and the end of starter (0-21 d.) and grower (22-42 d.) periods. On 21 d. of age, two chicks from each replicate were randomly selected and blood samples were taken. Differential enumeration of heterophils, lymphocytes, and monocytes were done. Also, antibody titers against IBV, IBD, and NDV vaccines were measured. Addition of 2.5 g/Kg turmeric powder increased body weight gain in the starter period and improved feed conversion ratio in the starter and entire periods of the experiment, when compared to the control (P). Also, inclusion of 10 ppm avilamycin into diet improved feed conversion ratio in the grower and entire periods of the experiment, comparing to the control (P). Inclusion of turmeric powder at 2.5 g/Kg or 7.5 g/Kg and cinnamon powder at 7.5 g/Kg declined the heterophil to lymphocyte ratio (P). The results of this study showed that turmeric powder at the level of 2.5 g/Kg would be a potential alternative for antibiotic growth promoters. Also, reducing heterophil to lymphocyte ratio by turmeric and cinnamon powders, introduce them as potential stress alleviators in broiler chickens.}, keywords = {Broiler,turmeric,Cinnamon,Performance,Immune system}, url = {https://psj.gau.ac.ir/article_1963.html}, eprint = {https://psj.gau.ac.ir/article_1963_d774ebdb5f3d56ef4a8693eb7666ced3.pdf} } @article { author = {Rouhalamini, SM and Salarmoini, M and Asadi-Karam, Gh}, title = {Effect of Zinc Sulfate and Organic Chromium Supplementation on the Performance, Meat Quality and Immune Response of Japanese Quails under Heat Stress Conditions}, journal = {Poultry Science Journal}, volume = {2}, number = {2}, pages = {165-181}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources}, issn = {2345-6604}, eissn = {2345-6566}, doi = {10.22069/psj.2014.1964}, abstract = {This study was conducted to investigate the effects of different levels of zinc sulfate and chromium picolinate on the performance, immune response and meat quality of Japanese quails under heat stress condition. The birds (n = 540; 7-d-old) were randomly assigned to 9 treatment groups consisting of 3 replicates of 20 birds each in a 3 × 3 factorial arrangement of treatments [zinc (0, 40, 80 mg/Kg); chromium (0, 500, 1000 μg/Kg)]. Birds were kept in floor cages in a temperature controlled room and subjected to heat stress for 8 h/d (9.00 to 17.00) from 7 d to the end of the study. Zn was supplemented to the basal diet as ZnSO4 and Cr as chromium picolinate. A linear decrease in feed intake and an improvement in feed conversion ratio were found by supplementing Zn and Cr to the quails diets. Chromium supplementation increased daily weight gain linearly. By  increasing the level of dietary Zn and Cr in the diet, heterophil to lymphocyte ratio and meat quality parameters were improved linearly. The results of this study revealed positive effects of Zn and Cr supplementation on the performance, immune responses and meat quality of quails under heat stress condition. It seems that supplementation of the quail's diets with 80 mg/Kg Zn and 1000 mg/Kg Cr can be greatly helpful for improving the adverse effects of heat stress.}, keywords = {Zinc,chromium,Japanese quail,Meat quality,Immune response}, url = {https://psj.gau.ac.ir/article_1964.html}, eprint = {https://psj.gau.ac.ir/article_1964_1eb8d6709eff90e2fc8b61197cbb5ec8.pdf} } @article { author = {Hashemi, SR and Davoodi, D and Dastar, B and Bolandi, N and Smaili, M and Mastani, R}, title = {Meat Quality Attributes of Broiler Chickens Fed Diets Supplemented with Silver Nanoparticles Coated on Zeolite}, journal = {Poultry Science Journal}, volume = {2}, number = {2}, pages = {183-193}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources}, issn = {2345-6604}, eissn = {2345-6566}, doi = {10.22069/psj.2014.1965}, abstract = {The aim of this study was to assess the meat quality attributes of broiler chickens fed diets supplemented with silver nanoparticles coated on zeolite. A total of 375 one-day-old broilers was assigned in a completely randomized design to 1 of 5 treatment groups including: basal diet, basal diet supplemented with 1% zeolite, and basal diet supplemented with one of the three levels of zeolite coated with 25, 50 and 75 ppm nanosilver. On d 42, five birds per treatment were slaughtered to assess the meat quality attributes of breast and thigh. Breast meat quality attributes were not influenced by the dietary treatment. Birds fed basal diet supplemented with 50 and 75 ppm nanosilver had higher levels of water-holding capacity than those  fed on diets containing 1% zeolite (P). Thigh muscle of birds fed basal diet supplemented with 50 and 75 ppm nanosilver had a higher L* value than the control diet (P).  For b* values, thigh muscle of birds fed the control diet were significantly higher than those of birds fed zeolite coated with 75 ppm nanosilver diet. The highest value of hardness, gumminess, and chewiness for breast meat were recorded by birds fed zeolite coated with 75 ppm nanosilver diet. The highest values of gumminess and chewiness of broiler chickens thigh muscle were observed in the group of birds receiving zeolite diets without nanosilver supplementation (P). In conclusion, broiler diets supplemented with silver nanoparticles coated on zeolite improved water-holding capacity of thigh muscle; although, further studies are needed to provide strong evidences to the exact mechanisms of action for silver nanoparticles coated on zeolite.}, keywords = {Zeolite,Broiler,Meat quality,malondialdehyde,Silver nanoparticles}, url = {https://psj.gau.ac.ir/article_1965.html}, eprint = {https://psj.gau.ac.ir/article_1965_e18e0594c2e46e4917a6943a2da7bef2.pdf} } @article { author = {Madadi, MS and Karimi, H and Azari, M}, title = {A Rare Case Report of duplicate Vents in a Broiler Breeder Hen (Case Report)}, journal = {Poultry Science Journal}, volume = {2}, number = {2}, pages = {195-199}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources}, issn = {2345-6604}, eissn = {2345-6566}, doi = {10.22069/psj.2014.1966}, abstract = {Malformations which occur during the development of the avian body organs can lead to structural and functional abnormalities. Most defects are recognized at hatching, but some go undetected until somewhat later. The cause of the majority of animal congenital malformations is unknown. A significant proportion of congenital malformations of unknown cause are likely to have an important genetic component. Malformations of the gastrointestinal and urogenital systems have been observed. This report describes a rare case of duplicate vents in a broiler breeder 33 week-old hen. A normal calcified egg was present in the left oviduct and right oviduct was atrophied. Both cloaca were anatomically normal, and each of them had a complete structure of coprodeum, urodeum and proctodeum. Double vents’ anomalies in breeder hens were only reported by Crew and Roberts in 1928 - 1929 and have not been reported after this time yet.}, keywords = {Case report,Vent duplicate,Broiler breeder,Congenital malformation}, url = {https://psj.gau.ac.ir/article_1966.html}, eprint = {https://psj.gau.ac.ir/article_1966_fc4b57bf47536566a8f046f332b7c935.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Persian abstract}, journal = {Poultry Science Journal}, volume = {2}, number = {2}, pages = {0-0}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources}, issn = {2345-6604}, eissn = {2345-6566}, doi = {10.22069/psj.2014.2659}, abstract = {}, keywords = {}, url = {https://psj.gau.ac.ir/article_2659.html}, eprint = {https://psj.gau.ac.ir/article_2659_72a1d725d4015e1734b1549789dc7850.pdf} }